02574nam a22003614a 4500001001200000003000800012005001700020006001900037007001500056008004100071010001700112020004000129020003500169020001800204040002100222035002100243043001200264050002600276082002000302100003300322245008500355260005600440300002500496504006600521505120700587533015201794650002301946650002301969651004301992655002902035710001702064856013102081ebr10188459CaPaEBR20260707193343.0m        u        cr cn|||||||||050823s2006    mdua    sb    001 0 eng    z  2005024560  z0801883326 (hardcover : alk. paper)  z0801883334 (pbk. : alk. paper)  z9780801883330  aCaPaEBRcCaPaEBR  a(OCoLC)213305486  af------14aJQ1879.A5bL55 2006eb04a324.96/03292221 aLindberg, Staffan I.,d1969-10aDemocracy and elections in Africah[electronic resource] /cStaffan I. Lindberg.  aBaltimore :bJohns Hopkins University Press,c2006.  axiii, 227 p. :bill.  aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [203]-221) and index.0 aIntroduction. The role of elections ; Why Africa? ; On regimes ; On elections and democracy ; Preindependence and postindependence elections in African nations ; Contemporary Africa's track record ; Outline of the book -- On democracy and elections. Making a conceptual choice ; Defining democracy ; Operationalizing democratic qualities of elections ; Data collection and processing -- Elections in Africa over time. Frequency and number of elections ; The democratic qualities, on average ; Democratic qualities of elections over time ; Conclusions -- The self-reinforcing power of elections. Going from bad to worse ; First, second, third, fourth and later elections ; A panel-group comparison ; Conclusions -- The causal effects of elections. Democratic qualities in society ; A missing factor of democratization ; Hypotheses and causal links -- Democratization by elections? Elections are associated with civil liberties ; Analyzing by countries ; Conclusions -- Comparative perspectives and reflections. The transition paradigm ; Corruption and democratization ; Stateness and social citizenship ; Lessons on consolidation ; Policy implications ; The power of elections in unfavorable conditions.  aElectronic reproduction.bPalo Alto, Calif. :cebrary,d2013.nAvailable via World Wide Web.nAccess may be limited to ebrary affiliated libraries. 0aElectionszAfrica. 0aDemocracyzAfrica. 0aAfricaxPolitics and governmenty1960- 7aElectronic books.2local2 aebrary, Inc.40uhttp://site.ebrary.com/lib/strathmore/Doc?id=10188459zAn electronic book accessible through the World Wide Web; click to view